Awọn ọja

Ẹri aipẹ ṣe atilẹyin ipa ti n yọyọ ti β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (β-NAD (+)) bi neurotransmitter aramada ati neuromodulator ninu eto aifọkanbalẹ agbeegbe -β-NAD (+) ti wa ni idasilẹ ni awọn igbaradi iṣan ara-dan ati awọn sẹẹli chromaffin adrenal ni ọna ti iwa ti neurotransmitter.Lọwọlọwọ koyewa boya eyi jẹ otitọ fun CNS.Lilo idanwo-iyẹwu kekere-iyẹwu kekere ati awọn imọ-ẹrọ chromatography omi ti o ga-giga, a ṣe afihan pe giga-K (+) iwuri ti eku iwaju ọpọlọ synaptosomes nfa iṣan omi ti β-NAD (+) , adenosine 5'-triphosphate, ati wọn. metabolites adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP), adenosine 5'-monophosphate, adenosine, ADP-ribose (ADPR) ati ADPR cyclic.Awọn giga-K (+) -evoked apọju ti β-NAD (+) ti wa ni idinku nipasẹ fifọ ti SNAP-25 pẹlu botulinum neurotoxin A, nipasẹ idinamọ ti N-type foliteji-based Ca (2+) awọn ikanni pẹlu ω-conotoxin GVIA , ati nipa idinamọ ti proton gradient ti awọn vesicles synaptic pẹlu bafilo mycin A1, ni iyanju pe β-NAD (+) ṣee ṣe idasilẹ nipasẹ exocytosis vesicle.Itupalẹ Oorun ṣe afihan pe CD38, amuaradagba multifunctional ti o ṣe iṣelọpọ β-NAD (+), wa lori awọn membran synaptosomal ati ninu cytosol.Awọn synaptosomes ti ko ni irẹwẹsi β-NAD(+) .1,N (6) -etheno-NAD, analog fluorescent ti β-NAD (+), ti mu nipasẹ awọn synaptosomes ati pe igbega yii jẹ idinku nipasẹ β-NAD (+) ti o daju, ṣugbọn kii ṣe nipasẹ connexin 43 inhibitor Gap 27. Ni awọn neurons cortical awọn ohun elo agbegbe ti β-NAD (+) fa iyara Ca (2+) transients, o ṣee ṣe nitori ṣiṣan ti extracellular Ca (2+).Nitorinaa, awọn synaptosomes ọpọlọ eku le tu silẹ ni itara, dinku ati gbigba β-NAD (+) , ati β-NAD (+) le mu awọn iṣan postsynapti ṣiṣẹ, gbogbo awọn ilana ti o nilo fun nkan kan lati ni imọran neurotransmitter oludije ninu ọpọlọ.